Definitions and classifications:
It is seperation of neurosensory retina ( inner retinal layer) from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE,outer retinal layer) by subretinal fluid (SRF).
Primary or rhegmatogenous RD:
This is caused by a retinal break, which permits fluid derived from the vitreous to gain access to subretinal space.
Tractional RD:
occurs when the sensory retina is pulled away from the RPE by contracting fibrous tissue in the vitreous (vitreoretinal traction). The most common cause is proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) other causes include penetrating trauma and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
Exudative RD:
Results when subretinal fluid , derived from the choroid gains access to the subretinal space and elevates the retina. Examples include some cases of posterior uveitis such as vgot koyanagi harda disease (VKH), toxemia of pregnancy, and choroidal tumors such as hemangioma or melanoma.
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